Evidence records

documentedThe SEC's EDGAR registrant record for Central Index Key 0001804591 names the company Chrome Holding Co., incorporated in Delaware, with employer identification number 871240344, a fiscal year ending March 31 and the industry code 2834 (pharmaceutical preparations); at the time of retrieval it listed no trading symbols or exchanges. ¹

documentedEDGAR lists the registrant's earlier names as Bleecker Street Acquisition Corp. (March 6 to August 12, 2020), VG Acquisition Corp. (September 16, 2020 to June 17, 2021) and 23andMe Holding Co. (June 21, 2021 to August 4, 2025). ^{1 2}

qualification

EDGAR's end date for the 23andMe Holding Co. name, August 4, 2025, is earlier than the August 14, 2025 effective date of the Delaware name change reported in the company's own Form 8-K.

documentedOn and effective August 14, 2025, 23andMe Holding Co. filed a certificate of amendment with the Delaware Secretary of State changing its name to Chrome Holding Co.; the company's Form 8-K said the change did not affect stockholders' rights and made no other change to the certificate of incorporation. ²

documentedThe August 2025 disclosure statement explains that, in connection with the sale to TTAM and as contemplated by the purchase agreement and the sale order, the debtors whose names contained the 23andMe trademark stopped using it: 23andMe Holding Co. became Chrome Holding Co., 23andMe, Inc. became ChromeCo, Inc., and 23andMe Pharmacy Holdings, Inc. became Chrome Pharmacy Holdings, Inc. ³

documentedThe company's Form 8-K of March 24, 2025 gives its principal executive office as 870 Market Street, Room 415, San Francisco, replacing the former address at 223 N. Mathilda Avenue, Sunnyvale, California; in 2026 the Wind-Down Debtor's service address in the bankruptcy case was 490 Post St., Suite 500 PMB 2065, San Francisco. ^{4 5}

documentedAfter the June 2021 merger the company's Class A common stock and warrants traded on The Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbols ME and MEUSW; by March 2025 its Class A common stock was registered on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol ME. ^{6 4}

documentedNasdaq's Listing Qualifications Department notified the company on March 24, 2025 that, following the Chapter 11 filing, its securities would be delisted; the delisting took effect on March 31, 2025 and the stock then traded over the counter. As of July 25, 2025 Chrome Holding Co. had about 25,431,244 Class A and 2,110,250 Class B shares outstanding. ³

documentedThe most recent filing in the registrant's EDGAR record at retrieval is a Form 15-12G dated December 4, 2025, the form used to give notice of the termination of a class of securities' registration under the Securities Exchange Act. ¹

documentedThe GLEIF record for legal entity identifier 529900FU5IIBCXYHHX25 (entity status active, registration issued and fully corroborated) gives the legal name Chrome Holding Co. and the previous legal name 23andMe Holding Co., registration number 6006171 at registration authority RA000602 in the jurisdiction of Delaware, a legal address c/o Corporation Service Company, 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, Delaware, and a headquarters address still recorded as 223 N. Mathilda Avenue, Sunnyvale. ^{7 2 6}

qualification

GLEIF records the entity's creation as 2021-06-15 22:00 UTC and the legal-name change as effective 2025-09-11 22:00 UTC; these recording timestamps do not match the dates in the company's SEC filings exactly (domestication on June 16, 2021; name change effective August 14, 2025).

documentedA GLEIF full-text search for "23andMe" run on October 16, 2026 returned two records: Chrome Holding Co. and an unrelated Italian company in liquidation, FG2 23andMe S.r.l.; no LEI record for 23andMe, Inc. or ChromeCo, Inc. appeared. ⁸

qualification

A search result describes what the register returned on that date; it does not prove that no other identifier exists.

documentedA company-data aggregator's copy of the Delaware register lists 23ANDME HOLDING CO. as a Delaware domestic corporation, company number 6006171, with Incorporating Services, Ltd (3500 S DuPont Hwy, Dover) as registered agent; the page does not show the Chrome Holding Co. name and withholds the incorporation date. ⁹

qualification

The aggregator says it is not the primary source; the Delaware register itself was not retrieved. The company number matches the GLEIF record.

documentedThe same aggregator lists 23ANDME, INC. as a Delaware corporation, company number 4150436, with the same registered agent; it names 23andMe Holding Co. (shown with a California jurisdiction) as parent company and lists eight branch registrations in other states, some already under the name ChromeCo, Inc., including Utah, Massachusetts, Arizona and Colorado. ¹⁰

qualification

Aggregator data, not the primary register; the Delaware and other state registers were not retrieved, apart from Colorado's record of the branch.

documentedThe aggregator also lists 23ANDME PHARMACY HOLDINGS, INC. as a Delaware domestic corporation, company number 7632876, with Incorporating Services, Ltd as registered agent and 23andMe Holding Co. as parent company; the page does not show the Chrome Pharmacy Holdings name. ¹¹

qualification

Aggregator data, not the primary register.

documentedColorado's Secretary of State records ChromeCo, Inc., a Delaware corporation registered in Colorado as a foreign corporation on March 24, 2016 under ID 20161206900, as Withdrawn: it relinquished its authority to do business in Colorado on August 6, 2026. The record gives its principal office as 490 Post St., PMP 2065 Room 500, San Francisco. ¹²

documentedVG Acquisition Corp. (VGAC) was a blank check company incorporated in the Cayman Islands on February 19, 2020 to effect a business combination; it completed its initial public offering on October 6, 2020, selling 50,855,000 units at $10.00 each, including units sold to the underwriters on October 16, 2020 under their over-allotment option. ¹³

documentedVGAC's 2020 annual report states that its sponsor, VG Acquisition Sponsor LLC, held all 12,623,750 founder shares, 99.29% of the Class B ordinary shares and 19.86% of all ordinary shares, and that before the business combination only holders of founder shares could vote on the election of directors. Corvina Holdings Limited, a British Virgin Islands company wholly owned by Virgin Group Holdings Limited, was the sponsor's sole managing member and manager; Virgin Group Holdings was owned by Sir Richard Branson, who could appoint and remove its management and so may indirectly control its voting and disposition decisions and be deemed the indirect beneficial owner of the sponsor's shares. ¹³

documentedA Schedule 13G for December 31, 2020, filed jointly by VG Acquisition Sponsor LLC (a Cayman Islands company at 65 Bleecker Street, New York), Corvina Holdings Limited, Virgin Group Holdings Limited (both British Virgin Islands companies at Craigmuir Chambers, Road Town, Tortola) and Sir Richard Branson, reports the sponsor's 12,623,750 Class B shares as 19.86% of VGAC's ordinary shares. ¹⁴

documentedBefore the merger VGAC's chief executive officer and director was Josh Bayliss and its chief financial officer and director was Evan Lovell, both in office since the company's formation in February 2020; Teresa Briggs, James B. Lockhart III and Douglas R. Brown were its other directors. When the business combination closed each of VGAC's officers and directors ceased serving the company, although Lovell was among those elected to the combined company's board. ^{13 6}

documentedAccording to VGAC's 2020 annual report, Josh Bayliss had been chief executive officer of the Virgin Group since 2011 and its general counsel from 2005 to 2011, was also chief executive officer and a director of the sister blank check companies VGAC II and VGAC III, and was a director of Virgin Group Holdings Limited, Corvina Holdings Limited, Virgin Investments Limited, Virgin Entertainment Holdings, Inc. and Virgin Red Limited. ¹³

documentedAccording to the same report, Evan Lovell had been the Virgin Group's chief investment officer since 2012, was a founding partner of the Virgin Green Fund from 2008 to 2012, worked at TPG Capital from 1998 to 2008, was chief financial officer and a director of VGAC II and VGAC III, and sat on boards including that of Virgin Galactic, from 2017. ¹³

documentedTeresa Briggs, an independent VGAC director from its initial public offering and chair of its audit committee, had been Vice Chair and West Region and San Francisco Managing Partner of Deloitte LLP from June 2011 to April 2019 and Managing Partner, Silicon Valley from 2006 to 2011, and served on the boards of Snowflake, ServiceNow, DocuSign and JAND, Inc. (Warby Parker). ¹³

documentedJames B. Lockhart III, an independent VGAC director from its initial public offering, had been Vice Chairman of the private equity firm WL Ross & Co. LLC from 2009 through 2018 and earlier Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency, Director of its predecessor, the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, and a member of the Troubled Asset Relief Program's Financial Stability Oversight Board; he had also served on the board of Virgin Money Holdings (UK). ¹³

documentedDouglas R. Brown, an independent VGAC director from its initial public offering, founded AquaVenture Holdings in December 2006 and chaired it from January 2007 until its acquisition by Culligan in March 2020, served as chief executive officer of AquaVenture and of Seven Seas Water Corporation, was chief executive officer of Ionics, Incorporated from 2003 to 2005, spent 17 years at Advent International and was an operating partner of Element Partners. ¹³

documentedVGAC and 23andMe announced their merger agreement on February 4, 2021. The joint release said the combination valued 23andMe at an enterprise value of about $3.5 billion and was expected to deliver up to $759 million of gross proceeds, from up to $509 million in VGAC's trust account and a concurrent $250 million private placement (PIPE) at $10.00 per share; Sir Richard Branson and Anne Wojcicki were each investing $25 million in the PIPE, existing 23andMe shareholders would own 81% of the combined company, and Wojcicki called Branson an early investor in 23andMe. ¹⁵

qualification

These were the expected terms at signing; the amounts actually raised at closing differed after shareholder redemptions.

documentedAt VGAC's extraordinary general meeting on June 10, 2021, at which about 54.71% of the ordinary shares were represented, shareholders approved the business combination with 23andMe (30,391,593 votes for, 3,265,415 against and 1,121,337 abstentions), the transfer to Delaware with the change of name to 23andMe Holding Co., and the creation of Class B common stock carrying ten votes per share (29,496,733 for and 4,019,644 against). ¹⁶

documentedAt the same meeting the holders of VGAC's 12,713,750 Class B ordinary shares voted, with none against, to elect Roelof Botha, Patrick Chung, Richard Scheller, Neal Mohan, Peter Taylor, Anne Wojcicki and Evan Lovell as directors of the combined company. ¹⁶

documentedOn June 16, 2021 VGAC deregistered in the Cayman Islands, was domesticated as a Delaware corporation and changed its name to 23andMe Holding Co.; the same day its wholly owned subsidiary Chrome Merger Sub, Inc. merged into 23andMe, Inc., which survived as a wholly owned subsidiary of 23andMe Holding Co. The merger agreement was dated February 4, 2021 and amended on February 13 and March 25, 2021. ⁶

documentedThe listed company that later filed for Chapter 11 as 23andMe Holding Co. is therefore the former VG Acquisition Corp.: its post-merger filings define it as "23andMe Holding Co. (formerly known as VG Acquisition Corp.)", while the genetic-testing business founded in 2006 is 23andMe, Inc., its subsidiary and accounting predecessor. ^{6 17 3}

documentedAt signing, PIPE investors subscribed for 25,000,000 Class A shares at $10.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $250,000,000; one of them was an affiliate of VG Acquisition Sponsor LLC, which subscribed for 2,500,000 shares, and the Anne Wojcicki Foundation bought 2,500,000 shares in the PIPE. Holders of 16,667,061 VGAC Class A shares redeemed them. Immediately after closing there were 92,655,484 Class A shares, 313,759,355 Class B shares and 25,065,665 warrants outstanding. ⁶

documentedAccording to the declaration of the chief restructuring officer filed on the first day of the Chapter 11 case, the 2021 merger with VGAC generated about $592 million of gross proceeds. ¹⁸

documentedA Schedule 13D amendment filed on November 3, 2023 for Virgin Galactic Holdings, not for the company, describes the Virgin chain after Sir Richard Branson transferred all ordinary shares of Virgin Group Holdings Limited on November 1, 2023: Virgin Investments Limited is owned by Corvina Holdings Limited, which is owned by Virgin Group Holdings; BFT (PTC) Limited, as trustee of trusts for members of Branson's family and related philanthropic causes, holds all of Virgin Group Holdings' voting shares; BFT CLG (PTC) Limited may remove and replace the trustee's directors, and Branson, who owns all its 'A' membership interests, may be deemed to control it. ¹⁹

qualification

This post-dates the business combination, after which the Virgin entities no longer held founder-share control of the company.

documented23andMe Holding Co. had two classes of common stock: Class A, with one vote per share and listed until March 2025, and Class B, with ten votes per share, which was not listed, could be converted into Class A one-for-one at the holder's option and converted automatically on most transfers. ^{1 2}

documentedImmediately after the June 16, 2021 merger, the closing Form 8-K reported Anne Wojcicki as beneficial owner of 102,453,219 Class A shares counting her convertible Class B stock (25.21%) and of 98,702,638 Class B shares held through ABeeC 2.0, LLC (24.29%), together 30.67% of the total voting power; the other large holders were ABeeC 2.0, LLC itself (30.56% of the vote), Glaxo Group Limited (12.28%), entities affiliated with G Squared Equity Management LP (9.44%) and entities affiliated with FMR LLC (7.79%). ³

documentedThe 2024 proxy statement reports that on July 1, 2024 ABeeC 2.0, LLC held 98,633,827 Class B shares, 59.24% of that class and 49.20% of the total vote. The Anne Wojcicki Revocable Trust U/A/D 9/2/09 was the LLC's sole member and Anne Wojcicki its sole trustee, and the LLC, the trust and Wojcicki shared power to vote and dispose of those shares; counting 10,880,319 Class A shares, including 2,500,000 held by the Anne Wojcicki Foundation, Wojcicki held 49.75% of the total voting power. ¹

qualification

Share counts are before the 1-for-20 reverse stock split completed on October 16, 2024.

documentedThe same table lists the other holders of more than 5% on July 1, 2024: GSK plc, whose indirect subsidiary Glaxo Group Limited held 39,660,487 Class B shares (23.82% of the class, 19.78% of the vote); entities affiliated with Sequoia Capital with 17,818,440 Class B shares (10.70%, 8.89% of the vote), over which Douglas M. Leone and Roelof Botha, as directors and stockholders of SC US (TTGP), Ltd., exercised voting and investment discretion; The Vanguard Group with 22,554,104 Class A shares (6.64%, 1.13% of the vote); and NewView Capital Fund I, L.P. with 19,455,681 Class A shares (5.73%, 0.97% of the vote). ¹

qualification

Share counts are before the 1-for-20 reverse stock split completed on October 16, 2024.

documentedABeeC 2.0, LLC, the trust and Anne Wojcicki filed their first Schedule 13D on the company on June 25, 2021 and twelve amendments between April 17, 2024 and March 11, 2025, followed by Amendment No. 13 reporting events of May and June 2025. ⁴

documentedSchedule 13D amendments of February and March 2025 report that ABeeC 2.0, LLC, a manager-managed Delaware company whose filings were signed by its manager Ryan Batenchuk, owned 4,931,692 Class B shares, 69.4% of the class at January 31, 2025 and 69.5% at March 6, 2025, convertible into about 20% of the Class A stock. Wojcicki's total beneficial ownership was 5,651,888 Class A-equivalent shares (22.4%) in February and 5,659,700 (21.9%) in March 2025. ^{5 6 4}

qualification

The filings state that Wojcicki disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares held by the LLC and by the Anne Wojcicki Foundation except to the extent of her pecuniary interest.

documentedThe Anne Wojcicki Foundation, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization in Los Altos, California, held 125,000 Class A shares in 2025; Wojcicki, its President and Chairman of the Board, shared power to vote and dispose of them. ⁴

documentedOn June 9, 2025 ABeeC 2.0, LLC gave notice converting all its 4,931,692 Class B shares into the same number of Class A shares, and the company confirmed the conversion on June 11, 2025. Amendment No. 13 then reported Wojcicki as beneficial owner of 5,722,832 Class A shares, 22% of that class: 62,530 held directly, 603,610 options vesting within sixty days, the LLC's 4,931,692 shares and the foundation's 125,000. ⁴

qualification

The percentages are based on 25,431,244 Class A shares outstanding on June 11, 2025; Wojcicki disclaims beneficial ownership of the LLC's and the foundation's shares except to the extent of her pecuniary interest.

documentedAfter the conversion, the July 2025 annual-report amendment shows Anne Wojcicki with 5,736,063 Class A shares on July 1, 2025, 22.56% of the class and 12.33% of the total vote, and no Class B shares; ABeeC 2.0, LLC held 4,931,692 Class A shares (19.39%, 10.60% of the vote), Zentree Investments Limited 3,699,236 (14.55%, 7.95%) and Farallon Capital Partners, L.P. 1,270,908 (5.00%, 2.73%). The other directors held no shares. ⁷

documentedZentree Investments Limited, a Cayman Islands company with an address c/o Zentree Investment Management Pte Ltd in Singapore, and its director Richard Magides first reported a stake on Schedule 13G as passive investors: 878,813 Class A shares (5.02%) on November 8, 2024, of which Zentree held 20,000 and Magides 858,813. ⁸

documentedOn Schedule 13D Zentree and Richard Magides reported 2,639,190 Class A shares (13.0%) on March 12, 2025, bought by Magides with $9,340,639 of personal funds for his part, and 3,699,236 shares (18.2%) on March 28, 2025, of which Zentree held 566,643 and Magides 3,132,593. They stated that they sought a voice for minority investors, to prevent a sale of the company at an unreasonable price, more prudent cost management and equal rights for Class A and Class B shares. ^{9 10}

qualification

The stated purposes are the filers' own; the filings report no agreements with other persons.

documentedFarallon Partners, L.L.C., the general partner of funds including Farallon Capital Partners, L.P., reported on Schedule 13G as a passive investor shared voting and dispositive power over 1,231,241 Class A shares (6% of the class) for an event date of June 13, 2025. ¹¹

documented23andMe, Inc. was founded in 2006 by Anne Wojcicki, Linda Avey and Paul Cusenza as the first direct-to-consumer genetic testing company; by the time of the bankruptcy filing its research platform held data from over 15 million customers, according to the August 2025 disclosure statement. ²

documentedA financial-data aggregator describes Richard Magides as the founder, in 2011, and chief executive officer of Zentree Investment Management Pte Ltd, and earlier a Managing Partner at Artradis Fund Management Pte Ltd. ¹³

documentedAnne Wojcicki joined the board of 23andMe, Inc. in 2006, co-founded it that year and was its chief executive officer from 2010. She was elected to the board of 23andMe Holding Co. when the business combination closed and was appointed its chair effective June 16, 2021; in July 2024 she held the combined positions of chair and chief executive officer, and she was a non-independent director. ^{1 2 3}

documentedIn fiscal 2024 (to March 31, 2024) Wojcicki's base salary was raised from $64,480 to $66,560 on January 1, 2024 to comply with California minimum salary rules; the summary compensation table reports her fiscal-2024 compensation as $7,363,723, almost all of it stock options valued at $7,298,723. ¹

documentedEffective June 16, 2021 the board also appointed Valerie Montgomery Rice as a Class II director and chair of its compensation committee. ³

documentedEvan Lovell served as a Class III director until his death in June 2023, according to the 2024 proxy statement, which notes that his employer's policies prevented him from accepting compensation for board service; the board had nine members until June 2023 and eight in July 2024, divided into three classes. ¹

documentedIn July 2024 the board's eight directors were Roelof Botha, Patrick Chung, Sandra Hernández, Neal Mohan, Valerie Montgomery Rice, Richard Scheller, Peter Taylor and Anne Wojcicki; Peter Taylor, an independent director since 2021 who chaired the audit committee, and Wojcicki were nominated for re-election as Class III directors until 2027. KPMG LLP was proposed for ratification as auditor for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2025. ¹

documentedThe fiscal-2024 named executive officers were Anne Wojcicki (chief executive officer), Joseph Selsavage (chief financial and accounting officer, permanent in that post from May 2024), William Richards (Head of Therapeutics Discovery and an executive officer from August 8, 2023 until August 23, 2024), Kathy Hibbs (former Chief Administrative Officer) and Kenneth Hillan (former Chief Therapeutics Officer). On July 1, 2024 the ten current directors and executive officers as a group held 59.44% of the total voting power. ^{1 2}

documentedThe 2024 summary compensation table reports fiscal-2024 total compensation of $2,133,227 for Selsavage, $1,461,868 for Richards and $2,119,783 for Hibbs. ¹

documentedThe 2024 proxy reports two related-party arrangements in fiscal 2024: the company treated Glaxo Group Limited as a holder of 5% or more because of an exclusive drug-discovery collaboration with a GSK affiliate from July 2018 to July 2023, amended in October 2023 into a non-exclusive licence to de-identified aggregate data; and 23andMe, Inc. paid director Richard Scheller $120,000 in fiscal 2024 under a consulting agreement in force from April 1, 2019 and extended by amendments to March 31, 2024. ¹

documentedIn January 2024 the company entered into a five-year research services agreement with the Troper Wojcicki Foundation to build lung-cancer research cohorts from its phenotype and genotype data, with $5.4 million of fees under the first statement of work; the company treated the foundation as a related party because Susan Wojcicki, a sister of Anne Wojcicki, was then a director and officer of it. Revenue under the agreement was $0.7 million in fiscal 2025, with $1.4 million deferred at March 31, 2025. ²

documentedIn March 2024 the board formed a Special Committee of independent directors with power to review strategic transactions, including any proposal from Wojcicki, because she and her affiliates, who held about 49% of the total voting power, could have interests different from those of other stockholders; the committee engaged Wells Fargo Securities, LLC as financial adviser and Dechert LLP as legal adviser. ⁴

documentedIn April 2024 Wojcicki disclosed in a Schedule 13D amendment that she was considering a proposal to take the company private, conditioned on approval by the Special Committee and a majority of unaffiliated shareholders, and that she wished to keep control and would not support an alternative transaction. On July 29, 2024 she proposed to buy all shares she and her affiliates did not own for $0.40 each, without committed financing; on August 2, 2024 the Special Committee rejected the proposal because it offered no premium to the market price, lacked committed financing and was conditional, and asked her to withdraw her opposition to third-party offers. ^{5 4}

qualification

The $0.40 offer preceded the 1-for-20 reverse stock split of October 16, 2024 and equalled $8.00 per share after it.

documentedAfter the resignations Wojcicki was the company's sole director. In early September 2024 she had said she was open to third-party proposals, but in late September she amended her Schedule 13D to say she remained committed to acquiring the company and would not consider third-party takeover proposals; Wells Fargo ended its engagement with the Special Committee in October 2024. ⁴

documentedOn October 28, 2024 the board was enlarged from one to four members with the appointment of three independent directors: Jim Frankola (Class I, term to the 2025 annual meeting) and Andre Fernandez and Mark Jensen (Class II, to 2026). All three joined the audit and compensation committees, Fernandez chairing audit and Jensen compensation, and Jensen was designated Lead Independent Director; on November 2, 2024 they also became the Special Committee, which then engaged Moelis & Company and Goodwin Procter LLP. Each received $1 million in cash for service to the 2025 annual meeting, $800,000 at once and $20,000 a month, in place of the previous director pay policy. ^{6 4}

documentedOn January 28, 2025 the Special Committee announced that it was exploring strategic alternatives, including a sale of the company or its assets, a business combination, licensing or a restructuring. In the pre-bankruptcy marketing process run with Moelis the company approached 103 potential counterparties (51 strategic and 52 financial), held 90 introductory calls and signed about 42 confidentiality agreements; at the Special Committee's request Wojcicki again said she would consider third-party proposals. ^{5 4}

documentedOn February 20, 2025 Wojcicki and New Mountain Capital L.L.C. jointly proposed to buy the shares they did not own for $2.53 each; it was the only indication of interest in the process that offered to acquire all of the company's equity out of court. On March 3, 2025 Wojcicki disclosed that New Mountain had withdrawn and that on March 2 she had proposed $0.41 per share plus $30 million of unsecured financing until closing; the Special Committee rejected that proposal. ^{4 5}

documentedOn March 6, 2025 Wojcicki offered $0.41 per share in cash plus three contingent value rights worth up to $2.53 per share in total if revenue milestones were met in fiscal 2026 to 2028, with financing for the company at 7% interest until closing. On March 10 she added a $20 million commitment to fund operations, kept the condition of approval by the Special Committee and by a majority of shares not held by her, her affiliates or rolling-over holders, and later told the committee it was her best and final offer; the committee rejected it. ^{4 7}

documentedAs a bankruptcy filing approached, the board on March 7, 2025 extended the Special Committee's authority to all restructuring matters, including directing a Chapter 11 filing; on March 16 the committee directed counsel to review the company's governance, financial transactions and operations for possible claims against directors, officers, shareholders and other insiders; and on March 21 it approved the Chapter 11 filing and the sale-procedures motion, having concluded that none of the indications of interest, including Wojcicki's, was actionable out of court or in the company's best interest. ^{5 4}

documentedOn March 21, 2025, by mutual agreement with the Special Committee, Wojcicki resigned as chief executive officer and president with effect from 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on March 23, 2025, and stepped down as chair, remaining a Class III director. She also resigned as director and officer of 23andMe, Inc. and Lemonaid Health, Inc. and as an officer of 23andMe Pharmacy Holdings, Inc. and Lemonaid Pharmacy Holdings Inc. ^{8 4 5}

documentedThe same day the board appointed Mark Jensen chairman, Joseph Selsavage, the chief financial and accounting officer, interim chief executive officer and interim president from Wojcicki's departure, and Matthew Kvarda of Alvarez & Marsal North America, LLC, which had been retained as financial adviser in January 2025, chief restructuring officer from the filing date. It enlarged the board to five and appointed Thomas B. Walper as a Class III independent director and Special Committee member from the filing date, for $35,000 a month, of which $225,000 was payable upfront. ^{8 5}

documentedOn March 23, 2025 the Special Committee gave Walper its sole authority to conduct an independent investigation of the company's governance, financial transactions and operations to assess possible claims against insiders. Assisted by Goodwin and Paul, Weiss until mid-May 2025, he reviewed documents and interviewed management, current and former directors and Wojcicki. At the committee's insistence TTAM dropped from its bid the purchase of the estate's claims, including those against Wojcicki and former directors and officers, so that they were preserved for the estate. ⁴

documentedThe Special Committee also approved guidelines governing communications between Wojcicki and the company's management, subject to oversight by the committee and senior management. ⁴

documentedIn July 2025 the board had five directors: Jim Frankola, Andre Fernandez, Mark Jensen, Thomas Walper and Anne Wojcicki, who sat on no committee and had served as chief executive officer and president until March 2025. ²

documentedCompany filings describe Wojcicki's earlier work as a healthcare analyst at Passport Capital, LLC (2004–2006), Andor Capital Management (2001–2002), Ardsley Partners (1999–2000) and Investor AB (1996–1999). They list her as a board member of Zipline, Inc. and the Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, a co-founder and board member of the Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, a board member of the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health from 2008 to 2016, a director of the blank check company AJAX I from 2020 to 2021 and a director of Cazoo Group Ltd. until 2022. ^{1 2}

qualification

An aggregator dates the end of her Cazoo seat to February 27, 2023, later than the filings' 2022.

documentedRoelof Botha joined the 23andMe, Inc. board in 2017 and the holding company's board at the 2021 merger as an independent director; he had worked at the venture capital firm Sequoia Capital since 2003, as a Managing Member of Sequoia Capital Operations, LLC since 2007. ³

documentedPatrick Chung joined the 23andMe, Inc. board in 2009 and the holding company's board at the 2021 merger; he had been Managing General Partner of Xfund since 2015, and the 2024 proxy attributes to him beneficial ownership of 1,141,824 Class B shares held by Xfund 2, L.P. and Xfund 2A, L.P. ³

documentedRichard Scheller joined the 23andMe, Inc. board in 2019 and the holding company's board at the 2021 merger as a non-independent director; he had been Chief Scientific Officer and Head of Therapeutics of 23andMe, Inc. from 2015 until his retirement in 2019 and was Senior Advisor and Chairman of R&D of BridgeBio Pharma, Inc. ³

documentedNeal Mohan joined the 23andMe, Inc. board in 2017 and the holding company's board at the 2021 merger; he was chief executive officer of YouTube, Inc. ³

documentedSandra Hernández was appointed to the holding company's board in November 2021; she had been president and chief executive officer of the California Health Care Foundation since 2014. ³

documentedValerie Montgomery Rice, appointed to the board in June 2021, is the sixth president, and the dean, of Morehouse School of Medicine and the first woman to lead the institution. ³

documentedA 2019 legal directory profile lists Kathy L. Hibbs as General Counsel of 23andMe in Mountain View, California. ⁴

documentedMark Jensen had been an executive of Deloitte & Touche LLP until retiring in 2012, as U.S. Managing Partner for audit and enterprise risk services in the technology industry and for its venture capital services group, and earlier chief financial officer of Redleaf Group and Managing Partner of Arthur Andersen LLP's Silicon Valley office; in October 2024 he was a director and audit committee chair of Lattice Semiconductor Corporation. ⁵

documentedLattice Semiconductor's 2026 proxy statement says Mark Jensen had been its director since June 2013 and a director of Wolfspeed since May 2025, served on the board of Chrome Holding Co. (formerly 23andMe Holding Co.) from October 2024 to December 2025, and earlier sat on the boards of Exabeam, Unwired Planet, Control4 and ForeScout Technologies. ⁶

documentedAndre Fernandez had been chief financial officer of WeWork, Inc. from 2022 to 2023 (WeWork filed for Chapter 11 in November 2023, five months after he left), executive vice president and chief financial officer of NCR Corporation from 2018 to 2020 and president and chief executive officer of CBS Radio Inc. from 2015 to 2017; in 2025 he was a principal of the consulting firm Domain Americas LLC and a director of Cardlytics, Inc. and Blackstone Infrastructure Strategies L.P., and had served on the boards of FaZe Holdings (2022–2024) and Sachem Acquisition Corp. (2021–2022). ^{1 5}

documentedJim Frankola had been chief financial officer of Cloudera, Inc. from 2012 to 2021 and of Yodlee, Inc. from 2010 to 2012, and earlier of Ariba, Inc.; in October 2024 he was a director and audit committee chair of Ansys, Inc. and a director of Skillsoft Corp. Ansys's 2025 proxy statement, which describes him as an independent director since 2021, lists his service on the 23andMe board from 2024. ^{5 7}

documentedThe company describes Thomas Walper as a bankruptcy and restructuring lawyer who was a partner of Munger, Tolles & Olson LLP until 2025 and, between partnership terms, head of corporate restructuring at Plainfield Asset Management, a $5 billion investment firm in Greenwich, Connecticut. His Form 3 shows him as a director of 23andMe Holding Co. from March 23, 2025, owning no securities of the company. ^{1 8}

documentedOn July 20, 2026 Getty Images Holdings, Inc. appointed Thomas Walper a Class I director under an independent director agreement paying $50,000 a month; an EDGAR full-text search shows Form 3 filings by him for two issuers only, 23andMe Holding Co. (event March 23, 2025) and Getty Images Holdings (event July 20, 2026). ^{9 10}

documentedJoseph Selsavage had been chief financial and accounting officer since August 2022 and interim chief executive officer since March 2025. He was earlier chief financial officer of Lemonaid Health, Inc. from 2020, a consultant at Red Eclipse Consulting (2018–2020), chief financial officer of Metromile, Inc. (2015–2018), vice president and chief financial officer of Hotwire.com, part of Expedia, Inc. (2001–2015), and controller of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters (1993–2001). ¹

qualification

An aggregator also lists him as chief executive of Lemonaid Health and ends his Lemonaid posts in 2025; the company's filings give only the chief financial officer post from 2020.

documentedSelsavage signed the company's Form 8-K of August 15, 2025 as interim chief executive officer and chief financial and accounting officer, and its Form 8-K of December 4, 2025 as chief executive officer and chief financial and accounting officer. ^{11 12}

documentedMatthew Kvarda, chief restructuring officer from March 2025, is a Managing Director of Alvarez & Marsal North America, LLC with more than 30 years of restructuring experience, including interim chief financial officer roles at Revlon, TEAM, Inc. and Jacuzzi Brands. He held no shares and received no compensation directly from the company: under its engagement letter the company paid A&M $1,300 per hour of his service, with $750,000 of incentive compensation due on a Chapter 11 plan or a sale of all or a substantial portion of the assets. As interim chief financial officer of Revlon Consumer Products Corporation he signed a Sarbanes-Oxley certification of its 2022 annual report amendment on April 21, 2023. ^{1 13}

documentedThe Anne Wojcicki Foundation, a private grant-making foundation in Los Altos, California (EIN 47-1835703), has held a section 501(c)(3) tax exemption since February 2015. Its Form 990-PF for 2024, as reproduced by a nonprofit-data service, reports total assets of $593,310,267 and no liabilities, and lists Anne Wojcicki as President and Chair and Susan Wojcicki as Treasurer and Secretary, neither paid. ¹⁴

documentedThe Troper Wojcicki Foundation of San Francisco (EIN 20-2777268), a private foundation, reports total assets of $339,320,002 in its Form 990-PF for 2024, as reproduced by a nonprofit-data service; the return lists Susan Wojcicki as its unpaid President until September 2024, after which other officers held the posts. ¹⁵

documentedZipline, the drone-delivery company, announced in September 2021 that Anne Wojcicki had joined its board of directors as it charted its next stage of growth after $250 million in new funding. ¹⁶

qualification

The company's announcement as carried by a trade publication.

documentedA financial-data aggregator lists Anne Wojcicki on the boards of Ajax I, 23andMe Holding Co., 23andMe, Inc., Blok24, Inc., the Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, Capri Listco, the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, the Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine and Zipline International, Inc. Sidecar Health, a health insurer, lists her on its board of advisors, describing her as the former chief executive of 23andMe, Inc., which she co-founded in 2006. ^{2 17}

qualification

The aggregator mixes current and former seats; the advisory board is not a board of directors.

documentedThe SEC's record for AJAX I (CIK 0001824963), a blank check company on whose board Wojcicki sat, shows a Cayman Islands company with a mailing address at 667 Madison Avenue, New York, no listed securities and the emerging growth company category. ¹⁸

documentedA financial-data aggregator describes Paul Cusenza as the founder of 23andMe, Inc. in 2006 and as chairman and chief executive officer of Nodal Exchange LLC since 2008 and of Nodal Exchange Holdings LLC, and chairman of Nodal Clear LLC since 2014; he was earlier SVP of marketing and public sector collaborations at Perlegen Sciences, Inc. from 2002 to 2010. It shows no position in the holding company. ¹⁹

documentedThe Human Immunome Project's board page, which spells her first name 'Linea', describes Linda Avey as the founder of 23andMe in 2006, a founding general partner of Humain Ventures, an Austin, Texas venture capital firm, a co-founder of Precisely, Inc., a member of the Board of Fellows at Stanford Medical Center and an adviser to Colossal Biosciences, and formerly the founding independent board director of Rock Health. ²⁰

qualification

The organisation's own biography of a board member; it names no position in the holding company.

documentedGV's website describes Richard Scheller as an advisor who joined BridgeBio Pharma as chairman of R&D in 2019 after joining its board in 2018, sits on the boards of Alector, Maze Therapeutics, DiCE Molecules and Aarvik Therapeutics, and was executive vice president of research and early development at Genentech from 2001 to 2014; the page still lists him as a 23andMe director although he resigned with the other independent directors. A financial-data aggregator adds Oric Pharmaceuticals to his current boards. BridgeBio Pharma, Inc. is a Delaware corporation listed on Nasdaq (CIK 0001743881). ^{21 22}

documentedOn February 13, 2018 the California Health Care Foundation announced that Governor Jerry Brown had appointed its president and chief executive, Sandra R. Hernández, to the board of Covered California, the state's health insurance marketplace. A financial-data aggregator lists her other roles as director of Mills College and of The Center for Investigative Reporting, and earlier chief executive of The San Francisco Foundation (2010–2013) and director of Blackbaud, First Republic Bank (2010–2013) and Blue Shield of California. ²³

documentedHer inauguration biography describes Valerie Montgomery Rice as the founder and former director of the Center for Women's Health Research at Meharry Medical College, and an infertility specialist who served at Morehouse School of Medicine from 2011 as dean and executive vice president. An insider-filings aggregator shows her reporting as a director of UnitedHealth Group Inc. (transaction date August 4, 2017) and of the holding company (June 16, 2021). ^{24 25}

documentedA financial-data aggregator lists Neal Mohan as chief executive officer of YouTube since 2023, an independent director of Starbucks Corp. from 2024 and an advisor at CapitalG Management Co., and formerly an independent director of Stitch Fix, Inc. (2020–2023) and a director of 23andMe, Inc. from 2017. ²⁶

documentedAccording to a market-data summary published on June 17, 2026, the board of Space Exploration Technologies Corp. elected Roelof Botha, effective June 16, 2026, as an independent Common Stock Director and a member of its audit committee. A financial-data aggregator also lists him as a director of MongoDB, Block, Unity Software, Natera and Ethos Technologies. ^{27 28}

qualification

The aggregator gives June 15, 2026 as the start of the SpaceX seat; the summary gives June 16.

documentedA financial-data aggregator lists Patrick Chung as Managing General Partner of Xfund Management Co. LLC since 2012, a director of Philo, Inc. and founder of WRLD3D Ltd. in 2010, and as a director of 23andMe, Inc. from 2009 to 2024 and an independent director of the holding company from 2021 to 2024. In April 2019 he signed the Form D of the venture fund Xfund 3, L.P. as Managing Director of its general partner. ^{29 30}

documentedA financial-data aggregator lists Peter J. Taylor, the former audit committee chair, as chairman of Southern California Edison Co. and independent non-executive chairman of Edison International since 2022 and a director of Pacific Mutual Holding Co. since 2016, and formerly president of the ECMC Foundation and chief financial officer of the University of California. ³¹

documentedA financial-data aggregator lists Andre Fernandez as Vice Chairman of Froedtert Health System, Inc. and an independent director of Cardlytics, Inc. from 2024, and still shows his Chrome Holding Co. directorship, from October 27, 2024, as active although the board was dissolved on the plan's effective date. His amended Form 4 filed with Cardlytics in August 2026 confirms that he is a director of that company. ^{32 33}

documentedIonQ, Inc. announced on August 28, 2025 that it had appointed Jim Frankola, the former chief financial officer of Ariba and Cloudera, to its board. A financial-data aggregator lists his directorships of Skillsoft and IonQ and of Chrome Holding Co. from October 27, 2024, and shows his Ansys seat ending on July 16, 2025; Ansys filed a Form 15-12G deregistering its securities in July 2025. ^{34 35 36}

documentedAn insider-filings aggregator describes Kathy L. Hibbs, the former Chief Administrative Officer, as a director of Sophia Genetics SA and earlier SVP and General Counsel of Genomic Health Inc. ³⁷

documentedThe State Bar of California lists Thomas Bradley Walper (licence no. 96667) as an active attorney admitted on December 16, 1980, and its licence history shows no disciplinary or administrative actions; a financial-data aggregator gives Thomas B. Walper's law degree from Loyola Law School as conferred in 1980. ³⁸

qualification

The bar profile is matched to the director by name, practice and the year of the law degree; it does not itself name the company.

documentedIn July 2026 the Plan Administration Trust filed a declaration of Thomas B. Walper in support of its motion to approve the stipulation among the trust, the Wind-Down Debtor and the signatory governmental claimants. ³⁹

documentedIn its August 2025 disclosure statement the company says that on October 1, 2023 a threat actor posted online a claim to hold 23andMe users' profile information. Its investigation with outside incident-response experts found that the actor had logged into about 0.1% of user accounts whose usernames and passwords had been reused from other, previously compromised websites, and, through those accounts, had reached information that users had chosen to share in the DNA Relatives and Connections features, so that personal information of about seven million customers was accessed without authorisation, generally ancestry information and, for a subset of accounts, genetics-based health information. ¹

documentedTestifying to the Senate Judiciary Committee on June 11, 2025, interim chief executive Joseph Selsavage said the company learned in October 2023 that a threat actor had accessed about 14,000 accounts through credential stuffing and, through them, limited profile information of more than 6 million users who had opted into DNA Relatives. He said the company disabled affected accounts and the DNA Relatives feature, forced password resets for all users, engaged cybersecurity firms, notified law enforcement, regulators and customers, made two-step verification mandatory, and regretted the incident, which he named as one of the causes of the bankruptcy. ²

documentedThe Privacy Commissioner of Canada and the UK Information Commissioner, who investigated jointly, found that the attack began on April 29, 2023 and that over five months the hacker gained access to more than 18,000 customer accounts. 23andMe told them that almost 7 million customers were affected worldwide, including almost 320,000 in Canada and 155,600 in the UK; accessible data included information on health, race and ethnicity, relatives, date of birth, sex at birth and gender, much of it derived from DNA, and, through DNA Relatives, information about thousands of genetic relatives of each accessed account holder. ³

documentedThe regulators' chronology records that in July 2023 the hacker logged into one free account more than a million times in a day, briefly taking the platform down, and later tried to start profile transfers in 400 accounts, which 23andMe investigated without recognising a wider breach; that in August 2023 a claim of stolen data of more than 10 million users, sent through the customer-service portal and repeated on Reddit, was dismissed by 23andMe as a hoax; and that in October 2023 the stolen data was advertised for sale on Reddit and 23andMe confirmed the breach. ³

documentedThe two commissioners found that 23andMe lacked safeguards appropriate to the sensitivity of the data: multi-factor authentication was optional and used, with single sign-on, by fewer than 22% of customers, which 23andMe said it chose to avoid friction for users; passwords needed only eight characters; reused compromised passwords were not checked; raw DNA data had no extra protection; detection and logging failed to flag the attack; and after the breach it took four days to end all sessions and reset passwords and about a month to disable raw DNA downloads and make multi-factor authentication mandatory. The Privacy Commissioner of Canada held that 23andMe contravened Principle 4.7 of PIPEDA, and the UK Commissioner that it infringed Articles 5(1)(f) and 32(1) of the UK GDPR. ³

response

23andMe informed both offices of security improvements implemented since the breach, many corresponding to concerns raised in the investigation.

outcome

The Canadian Commissioner found the safeguards issue well-founded and resolved in light of those improvements.

documentedThe commissioners also found 23andMe's breach notifications incomplete: its reports to them omitted known information, in particular about raw DNA data, and its notices to individuals did not fully describe the data involved or say that some of it had been posted for sale; holders of directly accessed accounts were notified only in January 2024, more than a month after the forensic analysis identified them. The Canadian Commissioner found contraventions of section 10.1 of PIPEDA and of the breach regulations, and the UK Commissioner breaches of Articles 33(3) and 34 of the UK GDPR. ³

qualification

On timing, the Canadian Commissioner accepted that the report to the regulator was made as soon as feasible, and the UK Commissioner accepted 23andMe's explanation for not reporting within 72 hours.

response

23andMe told both offices of improvements to its breach-notification process.

outcome

The Canadian Commissioner found the notification issue well-founded and resolved.

documentedThe Commissioner calculated the penalty from the higher statutory maximum of £17.5 million, applying a turnover adjustment of 20%, because 23andMe Holding Co.'s projected turnover for its 2025 financial year was expected near the lower end of the £100–250 million band, and a seriousness adjustment of 60%, which gave £2,100,000; a 10% increase for aggravating factors brought it to £2,310,000, about 2.3% of the projected turnover. He noted the parent's accumulated deficit of $2.4 billion and $79.4 million of unrestricted cash at December 31, 2024, but made no further reduction for financial hardship because the company was using Chapter 11 to sell its business and intended to keep operating. ⁴

documentedBefore the bankruptcy, according to the disclosure statement, the Federal Trade Commission served a civil investigative demand about the incident in March 2024, attorneys general of 42 states and the District of Columbia opened a multistate investigation, and 12 foreign regulators made inquiries, including the joint Canadian and UK investigation begun in June 2024, which conducted three employee interviews; a UK firm also made a pre-arbitration demand on behalf of 3,720 UK customers. ¹

documentedAfter the bankruptcy filing the debtors reported, besides the UK penalty of £2,310,000 (about $3 million), a letter received on July 21, 2025 from the Spanish Data Protection Authority imposing a fine of 2,400,000 (about $2.8 million) over the incident, a civil investigative demand from the South Dakota Attorney General, and demand letters from shareholders about pre-bankruptcy conduct. ¹

qualification

The disclosure statement prints the Spanish fine with a pound sign (£2,400,000); the Spanish decision itself was not retrieved.

documentedAfter the October 2023 disclosure the company faced more than 40 putative class actions, centralised as a multi-district action, arbitration claims asserted or threatened by about 35,000 claimants, and three class actions in Canadian courts, as well as government investigations in the United States and abroad; it settled some claims before the bankruptcy filing. ¹

documentedOn April 11, 2024 the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation centralised the federal class actions as MDL No. 3098 before Judge Edward M. Chen of the Northern District of California. On July 29, 2024 the parties signed a term sheet under which the company would pay $30.0 million to settle the claims of all affected U.S. persons, adopt cybersecurity business-practice measures and offer three years of privacy and monitoring services; on December 4, 2024 the MDL court granted preliminary conditional approval, excluding customers who had chosen arbitration. Nine similar suits were pending in California state courts, most brought by one firm, Potter Handy, LLP. ¹

documentedOn March 21, 2025 the company settled with plaintiffs represented by Potter Handy, LLP in the California state actions and with arbitration claimants represented by Labaton Keller Sucharow, Levi & Korsinsky and Milberg Coleman Bryson Phillips Grossman; including earlier proposed settlements it had then agreed, subject to conditions, to pay a total of $37.5 million to settle claims of U.S. customers relating to the incident it had reported on October 10, 2023. ²

documentedIn the Chapter 11 case the debtors signed a U.S. Data Breach Class Settlement Agreement on August 4, 2025, allowing one class proof of claim with a minimum allowed amount of $30 million and capping cash distributions on it at $50 million, and a Canadian class settlement agreement in August 2025 capping distributions at $3.99 million. ¹

qualification

The Canadian agreement was later replaced by an amended version of September 5, 2025 with a different cap (see the Canadian settlement).

documentedOn October 2, 2025 the bankruptcy court entered orders preliminarily approving three class settlements together: the Canadian breach settlement (Docket No. 1449), the U.S. breach settlement with the MDL class representatives (Docket No. 1450) and the Lemonaid tracking-pixel settlement (Docket No. 1451). ³

documentedOn November 17, 2025 the debtors and claimants represented by Labaton, Levi, Milberg and Tycko & Zavareei LLP signed the U.S. Data Breach Arbitration Agreement resolving about 32,000 arbitration claims arising from the incident; the bankruptcy court approved it on November 19, 2025 (Docket No. 1638). ³

documentedThe court-authorised settlement website for In re: 23andMe, Inc. Customer Data Security Breach Litigation, which covers about 6.4 million U.S. residents affected by the attack announced on October 6, 2023, states that the bankruptcy court granted final approval on January 30, 2026, approved a final settlement amount of $46.75 million on July 7, 2026, and that payments on approved claims were issued on September 29 and 30, 2026; the benefits included reimbursement of documented extraordinary losses up to $10,000 and five years of privacy and genetic monitoring. ⁴

documentedA news agency reported on July 7, 2026 that Judge Brian Walsh had approved the $46.75 million settlement as fair and equitable and in the best interest of the trust run by the bankruptcy administrator, and that the amount would be reduced by $14.29 million already disbursed, leaving an additional payout of $32.46 million. ⁵

qualification

News report of the hearing; the order itself was not retrieved.

documentedIn Canada, plaintiffs filed J.R. v. 23andMe Holding Co. & 23andMe, Inc. (Supreme Court of British Columbia, No. S237147) on October 20, 2023 and on September 18, 2024 a second action, J.R. and M.M. v. 23andMe Holding Co. et al. (No. S-246520), adding current and former directors and officers and the auditor KPMG LLP (United States) as defendants; a proposed class action filed in the Ontario Superior Court on November 24, 2023 was stayed by agreement on April 11, 2024 in favour of the British Columbia actions. ^{1 6}

qualification

The chief restructuring officer's first-day declaration counts two Canadian class actions, one in Ontario and one in British Columbia; the disclosure statement counts three.

documentedOn June 5, 2025 the bankruptcy court entered a stipulated order temporarily staying the Canadian proceedings and extending the automatic stay to the directors and officers and to KPMG. ⁶

documentedThe U.S. Chapter 11 cases of 23andMe Holding Co. and 23andMe, Inc. were recognised in Canada as foreign main proceedings under Part IV of the Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act on May 26, 2025, with Matthew Kvarda as foreign representative. On November 27, 2025 Justice Masuhara of the Supreme Court of British Columbia (No. S-253696), on Kvarda's application, recognised the U.S. order preliminarily approving the Canadian settlement and renamed the proceeding In the Matter of Chrome Holding Co. and ChromeCo, Inc. ^{7 6}

documentedUnder the amended Canadian settlement of September 5, 2025, the class of customers resident in Canada between May 1 and October 1, 2023 who received breach notices has a single claim allowed at US$3,250,000, with distributions capped at that amount, in full settlement of the claims against 23andMe; the claims against the other defendants, the former directors and officers and KPMG LLP (United States), are to be dismissed with prejudice once the plan takes effect and the fund is paid. The settlement is not an admission of liability. Class counsel KND Complex Litigation's fee is 33%, and counsel expected about 64,000 eligible claimants to receive about CA$17.77 each from the ordinary-claims fund (the figure is printed "CA$17. 77" in the scanned notice); the final approval hearing was set for February 17, 2026. ⁶

documentedThe company's cyber and liability insurance for May 1, 2023 to May 1, 2024 totalled $25 million in eroding limits: $15,000,000 from underwriters at Lloyd's under policy UMR B1510CY2300014, $5,000,000 from Allied World Specialty Insurance Company, and $2,500,000 each from Houston Casualty Company and Landmark American Insurance Company. Under a buyback and settlement motion filed on December 1, 2025 the insurers were to pay a lump sum of $16,525,759.63, the remaining limits after about $8,474,240.37 of defence costs paid from the Lloyd's layer, and take back the policies; the money was reserved for the covered breach and pixel settlements, and the insurers would become released parties. ^{3 8}

documentedBy the September 19, 2025 bar date for governmental claims, 42 state and District of Columbia claimants had filed proofs of claim seeking at least about $100 billion over the 2023 breach. On July 14, 2026 they signed a stipulation with the Plan Administration Trust and the Wind-Down Debtor allowing their claims at $150 million but limiting payment to $18 million in total, and barring the debtors for five years from direct consumer sales and from collecting or keeping personal information other than what the trust needs; the court hearing on approval was set for August 10, 2026. ^{9 10}

qualification

The stipulation takes effect only on a final court order approving it; the retained record does not include the approval order.

response

The stipulation records that the parties settled to avoid the cost, risk, burden and delay of litigation, preserving all defences and without admission of liability by any party.

outcome

The trust's motion to approve the stipulation was set for hearing on August 10, 2026; the retained record does not include the court's ruling.

documentedAppendix A to the stipulation allots the $18 million among 41 states and the District of Columbia; the largest shares go to Texas ($1,266,860), Florida ($1,111,206), Indiana ($979,424), Connecticut ($887,729) and New York ($705,976), and the smallest to South Dakota ($149,339). California is not a signatory. ⁹

documentedThe mutual release in the states' stipulation covers the debtors, the trust and their officers, directors and affiliates for claims relating to the 2023 incident, but it expressly does not apply to the asset buyer, 23andMe Research Institute (formerly TTAM Research Institute). ⁹

documentedCalifornia said in the bankruptcy court that it might assert a material administrative claim against the debtors for an alleged violation of its Genetic Information Privacy Act when the sale to TTAM closed, and its representatives publicly stated an intention to seek administrative claims for civil penalties of more than $1 billion; the debtors disputed the claim and obtained procedures to estimate it. ^{1 12 8}

response

The debtors stated that they disagree with California's alleged administrative claim and reserve all rights.

outcome

The December 1, 2025 confirmation order forever barred California from asserting the California Administrative Claim against the debtors or their estates.

documentedOn May 27, 2026 the People of the State of California sued Chrome Holding Co. (formerly 23andMe Holding Co.), ChromeCo, Inc. (formerly 23andMe, Inc.) and Doe defendants in San Francisco Superior Court (No. CGC-26-636891) over the 2023 breach, seeking injunctive relief and civil penalties under the Genetic Information Privacy Act, the California Consumer Privacy Act, the Unfair Competition Law and the False Advertising Law, including $1,000 per Genetic Information Privacy Act violation and $2,500, or $7,500 if intentional, per Consumer Privacy Act violation. ^{13 14}

documentedOn October 14, 2026 the bankruptcy court docketed the transmission of the record to the Court of Appeals (No. 26-3083) on a notice of appeal filed by the People of the State of California (Doc. 2364); the docket entry does not name the order appealed. ¹⁵

documentedThe company's consolidated statements report revenue of $189.9 million in fiscal 2025 (to March 31, 2025), against $219.6 million in fiscal 2024 and $299.5 million in fiscal 2023, and net losses of $280.9 million, $666.7 million and $311.7 million; the fiscal-2024 loss included a goodwill impairment of $351.7 million, and fiscal 2025 included $61.4 million of restructuring costs. Revenue from GSK as a related party was $20.4 million, $12.0 million and $47.4 million in those years. ¹

qualification

Amounts in the statements are in thousands of dollars and are rounded here to the nearest $0.1 million.

documentedFiscal-2025 revenue fell 14%, mainly because of lower sales volume and prices of Personal Genome Service kits; it included $19.3 million recognised on receipt of a data use notice from GSK, almost all the revenue remaining under the 2023 amendment of the GSK data agreement, while telehealth revenue fell, partly because of the disposal of the UK subsidiary Lemonaid Health Limited in the second quarter of fiscal 2024. ¹

documentedAt March 31, 2025 the company had $38.2 million of unrestricted cash (against $216.5 million a year earlier), total assets of $159.9 million, total liabilities of $186.6 million, including $113.5 million of liabilities subject to compromise in the bankruptcy, an accumulated deficit of $2.5 billion and negative stockholders' equity of $26.7 million. Management disclosed substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern; the auditor was KPMG LLP of Santa Clara, auditor since 2020, whose report is dated June 11, 2025. ¹

qualification

Balance-sheet amounts are reported in thousands of dollars and rounded here.

documentedKPMG billed $3,398,206 for fiscal 2025, of which $3,338,206 for the audit and $60,000 for tax services, and $4,618,250 for fiscal 2024. ²

documentedIn November 2024 the company stopped developing all its therapeutics programmes, wound down clinical trials and cut about 200 employees, roughly 40% of its workforce. ³

documentedThe chief restructuring officer's first-day declaration says that although the business had generated more than $200 million of revenue a year for five years it had never recorded a net profit, and the disclosure statement attributes the filing to constrained access to capital after the 2021 merger, macroeconomic conditions, the breach and the litigation that followed. At the petition date the debtors had no funded debt; their unsecured claims came largely from the breach and from ordinary trade. ^{4 3}

documentedThe company had more than $1 billion of U.S. federal net operating losses, whose amount could be materially reduced by the plan transactions, and the court approved notice and hearing procedures for certain transfers of its common stock and for declarations of worthlessness to protect those tax attributes. ³

documentedOn March 23, 2025 23andMe Holding Co. and eleven subsidiaries filed voluntary Chapter 11 petitions in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Missouri, jointly administered as In re 23andMe Holding Co., et al., Case No. 25-40976-357, and moved for a sale of their assets through a competitive auction under section 363 of the Bankruptcy Code, advised by Moelis & Company. The subsidiaries were 23andMe, Inc., Lemonaid Health, Inc., 23andMe Pharmacy Holdings, Inc. and Lemonaid Pharmacy Holdings Inc. (Delaware), Lemonaid Community Pharmacy, Inc. (Missouri), LPharm INS LLC, LPharm CS LLC and LPharm RX LLC (Delaware) and LPRXOne LLC, LPRXTwo LLC and LPRXThree LLC (Missouri). ^{5 6 3}

documentedThe disclosure statement describes the debtor group: ChromeCo, Inc. (formerly 23andMe, Inc.), Lemonaid Health, Inc. and Chrome Pharmacy Holdings, Inc. were wholly owned by Chrome Holding Co.; Chrome Pharmacy Holdings wholly owned Lemonaid Pharmacy Holdings Inc., which wholly owned Lemonaid Community Pharmacy, Inc., LPharm RX LLC, LPharm INS LLC and LPharm CS LLC, which in turn wholly owned LPRXTwo LLC, LPRXThree LLC and LPRXOne LLC respectively. Lemonaid Health also had contractual relationships with four non-debtor professional medical corporations wholly owned by licensed providers. ³

documentedThe court's list of associated cases shows each subsidiary under its own number linked to the lead case No. 25-40976, including LPRXOne LLC (25-40975), ChromeCo, Inc. (25-40977), Chrome Pharmacy Holdings, Inc. (25-40978), Lemonaid Community Pharmacy, Inc. (25-40979), Lemonaid Health, Inc. (25-40980), Lemonaid Pharmacy Holdings Inc. (25-40981), LPharm CS LLC (25-40982), LPharm INS LLC (25-40983), LPharm RX LLC (25-40984), LPRXThree LLC (25-40985) and LPRXTwo LLC (25-40986). ⁷

documentedThe confirmation order identifies the twelve debtors with the last four digits of their federal tax identification numbers: Chrome Holding Co. (0344), ChromeCo, Inc. (7371), Chrome Pharmacy Holdings, Inc. (4690), Lemonaid Community Pharmacy, Inc. (7330), Lemonaid Health, Inc. (6739), Lemonaid Pharmacy Holdings Inc. (6500), LPharm CS LLC (1125), LPharm INS LLC (9800), LPharm RX LLC (7746), LPRXOne LLC (3447), LPRXThree LLC (3852) and LPRXTwo LLC (1595), with a service address at 870 Market Street, Room 415, San Francisco. ⁸

documentedCourt records list Lemonaid Community Pharmacy, Inc. at 7580 Watson Road, Shrewsbury, Missouri, and Lemonaid Pharmacy Holdings Inc., LPharm RX LLC, LPharm INS LLC, LPRXOne LLC and LPRXThree LLC at 1701 Macklind Ave., Suite 300, St. Louis; the federal NPI registry lists the pharmacy (NPI 1023626389, active, registered July 22, 2020) at 7580 Watson Rd, Saint Louis. ^{9 10}

qualification

The address list comes from an aggregator's copy of a court docket; the NPI record was last updated on its registration date.

documentedOn March 23, 2025 the company signed a binding term sheet with JMB Capital Partners Lending, LLC for a priming super-priority senior secured debtor-in-possession term loan of up to $35 million, which the court authorised on March 26, 2025 together with a $100,000 work fee and a $700,000 commitment fee. The loan agreement, approved on April 23 and signed on April 28, 2025 with all debtors as joint borrowers, was secured by substantially all their assets, bore 14.0% interest, matured on September 30, 2025 and gave immediate access to $10 million, with $25 million more on conditions; the company drew $10.0 million on May 5, 2025, the commitments were later raised to $60 million, and on July 14, 2025, at the closing of the sale to TTAM, the debtors repaid it in full and terminated it. ^{5 3 1}

documentedIn April 2025 the landlord of the company's Sunnyvale facility drew in full on its letters of credit, $7.3 million of restricted cash. ¹

documentedThe court approved the debtors' retention of Paul, Weiss and Carmody MacDonald, P.C. as co-counsel, Moelis & Company LLC as investment banker, Alvarez & Marsal North America, LLC and Matthew E. Kvarda as chief restructuring officer, Kroll Restructuring Administration LLC as claims and noticing agent, Deloitte Tax LLP for tax services, and Goodwin and Lewis Rice LLC as special counsel to the Special Committee. ³

documentedOn April 3, 2025 the U.S. Trustee appointed an official committee of unsecured creditors consisting of Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (with subsidiaries including National Genetics Institute), Workday, Inc., Telus International Services Limited, Jellyfish US Limited and three individual creditors; it retained Kelley Drye & Warren LLP, Stinson LLP and FTI Consulting, Inc. ³

documentedOn July 15, 2025 the U.S. Trustee appointed an official equity committee of seven shareholders, including Esopus Creek Advisors, LLC, Farrallon Capital Management, LLC and Milestone Vimba Fund, L.P., which expected to retain Brown Rudnick LLP and Desai Law Firm LLC. ³

qualification

Four of the seven members are individual shareholders, who are not named here.

documentedAn order of April 30, 2025 set July 14, 2025 as the general bar date for claims, including breach-related claims, and September 19, 2025 for governmental claims. About 170,800 timely proofs of claim were filed and, by August 6, 2025, 46,530 more after the general bar date; the asserted total of all of them exceeded $7 trillion. ³

documentedParties appearing in the case as creditors, according to an aggregator's copy of the docket, include Converge Technology Solutions, CoreWeave, GlaxoSmithKline Intellectual Property (No. 3) Limited, KR OP Tech, LLC, Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, Oracle America, U.S. Bank Equipment Finance, the Missouri Department of Revenue, the claims buyers ASM Capital and Argo Partners, and the breach and pixel class plaintiffs; JMB Capital Partners Lending and Chubb also appeared as interested parties. The docket summary estimates more than 100,000 creditors and assets and liabilities each between $100,000,001 and $500 million. ¹¹

qualification

An aggregator's summary of the court docket, not a court record itself.

documentedThe debtors filed their Joint Plan of Chrome Holding Co. and its Debtor Affiliates on August 15, 2025 with a disclosure statement signed by chief restructuring officer Matthew Kvarda. Under the plan the debtors' affairs would be wound down by a Plan Administrator, a Plan Administration Trust would hold the remaining assets for unsecured creditors and shareholders, and holders of the company's stock (Class 12, HoldCo Interests) would receive a share of the trust's Class B interests, with no estimate of their recovery. ³

documentedOn October 1, 2025 the court approved the disclosure statement and solicitation procedures, including procedures to determine California's claims, with a voting deadline of November 6, 2025; on November 14, 2025 the debtors filed a third amended plan, which modified the settlement with the breach arbitration claimants and dropped an alternative equity-sale structure, and the confirmation hearing was set for November 19, 2025. ¹²

documentedIn a memorandum opinion of November 26, 2025 Judge Brian C. Walsh overruled the objection of KR OP Tech, LLC, the owner of a San Francisco building whose lease ChromeCo, Inc. rejected after its asset sale; the landlord's rejection-damages claim of about $9.7 million is reduced to about $5.6 million by the cap in section 502(b)(6), which the court held applies even if the debtor proves solvent. The court noted that creditors had filed claims with a face value in the trillions of dollars against about $200 million available to distribute, so that whether shareholders would receive anything was uncertain until claims were reconciled; that Classes 6, 7 and 12 had voted against the plan; and that the wind-down debtors would not receive a discharge, while the Lemonaid debtors would. ¹³

outcome

On December 23, 2025 the landlord appealed the confirmation order to the U.S. District Court (Case No. 25-01805SEP), according to a case-tracking service.

documentedThe debtors filed the Modified Fifth Amended Joint Plan on November 28, 2025, and on December 1, 2025 the court confirmed it in Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law and an Order (Docket No. 1662), amended on December 5, 2025 (Docket No. 1696). The breach classes (3, 4 and 5) and the pixel class (14) voted to accept, the Chrome commercial and other unsecured classes (6 and 7) and the shareholders (Class 12) voted to reject, and the court overruled the unresolved objections. The plan became effective on December 5, 2025. ^{14 8 15}

documentedOn the effective date the debtors' assets other than the Lemonaid interests vested in the Plan Administration Trust, with the Plan Administrator as its sole manager, director and officer, and the plan issued no new equity or securities. The trust's assets are the sale proceeds, the debtors' cash, retained causes of action, cyber-insurance proceeds and any excess in the professional-fee escrow; distributions follow a waterfall in which reserves and administrative and priority claims come first, then reserves for the breach and pixel settlements, then unsecured claims. ⁸

documentedOn December 1, 2025 the company had 25,489,590 Class A and 2,110,250 Class B shares outstanding; on the effective date all its common stock, including shares issuable under equity awards, was cancelled, and holders became members of Class 12 entitled to a portion of the trust's Class B interests. ¹⁴

documentedOn the effective date the boards of the wind-down debtors were dissolved, their remaining directors and officers were dismissed, and the Plan Administrator became the sole officer, director and manager of the Chrome debtors. ⁸

documentedThe confirmation order appointed Thomas Walper, the independent director on the Special Committee, as initial Plan Administrator from the effective date, with power to represent the estates; the debtors had disclosed in the plan supplement that he is an insider of the debtors and how his compensation would be set. The order also approved Matthew Dundon as representative of general unsecured creditors and Alan Halperin as equity representative. ⁸

documentedThe plan defines as Excluded Parties, who are not released and against whom the trust may bring claims, the Former CEO, defined as Anne Wojcicki in her capacity as a director of the holding company, shareholder and former chief executive; the debtors' former directors and officers who were not in office on the petition date; and the former Chief Security Officer who was not in office on that date. The plan states that the Former CEO is not an affiliate of the debtors. ^{8 12}

documentedParagraph 133 of the confirmation order, which resolved the discovery requests and plan objections of Anne Wojcicki, the Anne Wojcicki Foundation and entities they own or control including ABeeC 2.0, LLC (the Wojcicki Parties), treats them as having opted out of the plan's releases, except that ABeeC 2.0 and the foundation release claims for conduct between the petition date and the effective date. Their rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses and exculpation under law and Article VIII of the holding company's charter and bylaws are preserved, they may raise counterclaims in any trust suit but may not sue estate representatives first, and distributions on their Class 12 interests are not limited because of a disputed claim, though the trust may seek to withhold them. The asset buyer is neither a released nor a releasing party. ⁸

documentedThe third amended plan of November 14, 2025 defined the Chrome Purchaser as 23andMe Research Institute, formerly TTAM Research Institute, under the purchase agreement of June 13, 2025, and named ABeeC 2.0, LLC and the Anne Wojcicki Foundation as Chrome Purchaser Released Parties. ^{12 8}

qualification

The confirmation order later treated the Wojcicki Parties, including ABeeC 2.0 and the foundation, as having opted out of the releases (paragraph 133).

documentedThe confirmation order required the debtors to reserve $4,061,000 for the administrative claim of Converge Technology Solutions US LLC for unpaid invoices of May 1 to August 20, 2025 plus interest at 4.14%, preserving the right to contest it, and provided that the lease claim of KR OP Tech, LLC is not discharged although the landlord may not act against the debtor until plan distributions are made. ⁸

documentedOn January 21, 2026 the court closed all the Chapter 11 cases except that of Wind-Down Debtor Chrome Holding Co. (Docket No. 1843), where the remaining matters are administered. ¹⁵

documentedA bankruptcy-data publisher's summary of the case reports that the debtors' November 2025 operating reports showed an ending cash balance of about $256.6 million, including about $17.8 million of professional-fee reserves, and that professional fees requested on a final basis totalled about $59.3 million, with the largest approved amounts going to Paul, Weiss ($25.99 million) as lead restructuring counsel, Alvarez & Marsal ($8.68 million) and Kelley Drye & Warren ($7.37 million) as counsel to the creditors' committee. ¹⁶

qualification

Secondary summary of court filings; the operating reports and fee orders were not retrieved.

documentedThe same summary reports three administrative expense applications filed on January 3, 2026: by 23andMe Research Institute for unliquidated amounts for unperformed obligations under the purchase agreement and unpaid transition-services payments, by Anne Wojcicki for indemnification of legal fees, and by a former executive for $102,500 of severance and reimbursement. ¹⁶

qualification

Secondary summary; the outcome of the applications is not reported in the retained record.

documentedIn her application of January 3, 2026 (Doc. 1795), filed by Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner LLP, Anne Wojcicki asks the court to allow and pay as an administrative expense, under section 503(b), her indemnification expenses as a former director, officer and employee of the debtors, citing section V.E of the plan and paragraph 133(c)(i) of the confirmation order; the amount is unliquidated and continuing. She lists the proceedings concerned: two British Columbia class actions filed before the bankruptcy, the Special Committee's investigation, document and testimony requests from the U.S. House Oversight Committee, and an adversary proceeding in the bankruptcy court (No. 25-04043) in which she was among the defendants, as well as possible future claims of breach of fiduciary duty. ^{17 8}

qualification

This is her application; the retained record does not show how the court ruled on it.

documentedThat adversary proceeding, No. 4:25-ap-04043, was filed on July 17, 2025 by a self-represented individual against the holding company, 23andMe, Inc., the Lemonaid and pharmacy debtors, TTAM Research Institute, Anne Wojcicki and others; it was terminated on October 15, 2025 when the court granted a motion to dismiss and entered judgment. Wojcicki and TTAM were represented in it by the same lawyer of Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner LLP. ¹⁸

qualification

The docket summary, from an aggregator, does not state what the suit alleged.

documentedBesides the eleven jointly administered subsidiary cases, the lead case lists adversary proceedings including 23andMe Holding Co. et al. v. J.R. et al. (No. 4:25-ap-04011, April 14, 2025), NAAG Client States v. 23andMe Holding Co. (No. 4:25-ap-04035) and State of Texas v. 23andMe Holding Co. (No. 4:25-ap-04036), both of June 9, 2025, the self-represented suit No. 4:25-ap-04043 of July 17, 2025, and a 2026 suit by self-represented plaintiffs against 23andMe, Inc. (No. 4:26-ap-04016, April 9, 2026). ¹¹

qualification

From an aggregator's copy of the docket.

documentedIn January 2026 Judge Edward M. Chen of the Northern District of California denied a temporary restraining order, citing among other things the bankruptcy stay, in a suit by two self-represented plaintiffs against 23andMe, Inc. and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (No. 26-cv-00464-EMC); the plaintiffs, who were not 23andMe customers but say their data is linked to a relative's through DNA Relatives, described Regeneron as successor to 23andMe's genomic assets. ¹⁹

qualification

Regeneron did not acquire the assets; the sale was made to TTAM. The suit was later listed in the bankruptcy court as adversary proceeding No. 4:26-ap-04016.

documentedThe bankruptcy court's hearing calendar for Judge Brian C. Walsh, as retrieved in October 2026, lists in the Chrome Holding Co. case an omnibus claims-objection hearing on October 27, 2026, a status conference on November 3, 2026 and an estimation hearing on November 10, 2026; the court's case page refers to Kroll's website for the case documents. ^{20 21}

documentedAn aggregator's copy of the docket shows that in October 2026 the trust was pursuing its twenty-third omnibus objection to claims, supported by a declaration of Joseph Selsavage, while individual claimants were still litigating their claims. ¹¹

qualification

Docket summary only.

documentedAccording to the bankruptcy court, the debtors held about 13 million customers' data at the time of the sale hearing, more than 80% of whom had consented to research, with data given to researchers de-identified; their consumer assets were saliva samples in biobanks and electronic data such as DNA test results, names and email addresses, and about 1.9 million customers had deleted their accounts since the Chapter 11 filing. ¹

documentedThe court found that since 2007 every version of the company's privacy statement had warned that personal information could be sold in a merger, acquisition or sale of assets, with the statement continuing to apply to the buyer; the states pointed out that on June 8, 2022 the company removed an assurance that individual data would not be sold to third parties for research without explicit consent and added a provision covering bankruptcy. ^{1 2}

documentedOn March 31, 2025 Federal Trade Commission Chairman Andrew N. Ferguson wrote to the acting U.S. Trustee in the case that any bankruptcy sale or transfer of 23andMe users' personal information and biological samples, including those of 23andMe, Inc. and Lemonaid Health, would be subject to the company's privacy and data-security representations, consistent with section 363(b)(1), and that any purchaser should expressly agree to be bound by its privacy policies and applicable law; he noted Wojcicki's September 2024 pledge to maintain the privacy policy after any acquisition by her. ³

documentedIn April 2025 the Canadian and UK privacy commissioners wrote to the U.S. Trustee that personal information of people in Canada and the UK had to be handled under their laws; they said they would give the approved purchaser their report of findings and were prepared to act if they found non-compliance. ⁴

documentedOn April 29, 2025 the debtors, the U.S. Trustee, the creditors' committee and states that had opposed the debtors' proposed independent Customer Data Representative agreed to the appointment of a Consumer Privacy Ombudsman to report to the court on the sale of personal information, including genetic data; Neil M. Richards, a law professor at Washington University, was appointed on May 6, 2025 and filed his report on June 11, 2025 (Docket No. 718), which does not bind the court. ⁵

qualification

The stipulation was without prejudice to the debtors' position that an ombudsman was not required.

documentedSelsavage told the Senate committee that the company had barred bids from entities based in or controlled from countries of concern such as China, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Russia and Venezuela, had itself asked for an independent Customer Data Representative, required all bidders to comply with its privacy policies, and stored genetic data separately from personal identifiers; on June 11, 2025 two bidders remained, Regeneron and TTAM Research Institute. ⁶

documentedThe court entered bidding procedures on March 28, 2025 (Docket No. 125). Moelis contacted about 57 potential purchasers and the debtors received 32 indications of interest but named no stalking-horse bidder; an auction among seven qualified bidders, opened with a bid of $52 million, ran from May 14 to May 16, 2025. ^{5 1}

documentedOn the third day of the auction the debtors judged the $256 million bid of Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for the whole company except the Lemonaid business the highest and best, signed an asset purchase agreement with Regeneron on May 17, 2025, and announced Regeneron as successful bidder and TTAM Research Institute as backup bidder on May 19, 2025; according to the court, TTAM's backup bid was $146 million. ^{5 1 7}

documentedThe court found that Anne Wojcicki created TTAM Research Institute soon after the Chapter 11 filing in order to buy the debtors' assets; TTAM is a non-profit public-benefit corporation, fully funded by Wojcicki and her affiliates, of which she is chief executive officer, president and one of three directors. Her Schedule 13D describes it as a California nonprofit public benefit corporation and her affiliate. ¹

documentedAfter the auction TTAM submitted higher offers, including one of $305 million. The court approved final-round procedures on June 6, 2025, and on June 13, 2025 the debtors chose TTAM as winning bidder at $305 million, with Regeneron as backup at $151 million. Under the Chrome Purchase Agreement signed that day TTAM agreed to buy substantially all the Chrome debtors' assets under section 363 for $302.5 million and to sponsor a plan to acquire the Lemonaid debtors for $2.5 million. ^{5 8}

documentedOn June 14, 2025 the debtors elected to carry out the sale as an equity sale: the assets and liabilities TTAM was buying would be transferred to a newly formed, wholly owned non-debtor subsidiary (NewCo) for a note of about $302.5 million, and the company would sell all of NewCo's equity to TTAM for about $302.5 million, so that no genetic data would be transferred directly to TTAM. ^{5 9}

documentedThe court described the terms: after closing TTAM would own NewCo, which would hold all customers' genetic data; it would operate in the same way, offer jobs to all employees, keep access to data limited to the same people and disclose genetic data to no new parties, and keep the privacy policy in force at the petition date, including deletion and research opt-out rights in perpetuity. Under Exhibit D to the agreement TTAM also agreed to comply with applicable laws even where its non-profit status might excuse it, to limits on future mergers, sales and bankruptcy transactions, not to share personal information with insurers, to form an independent consumer privacy advisory board within ninety days and to provide two years of identity-theft monitoring. ¹

documentedOn June 18, 2025 the Global BioData Trust, also called CAVEAT, filed a motion for leave to file an amicus brief asking the court to recognise the company's genetic data as held in trust; the court overruled its objection with the states' on June 27, 2025. ⁵

documentedAfter a contested sale hearing on June 18 and 20, 2025, Judge Brian C. Walsh issued a memorandum opinion on June 27, 2025 (Docket No. 908) granting the sale motion, approving the sale to TTAM and entering the sale order. He held that the debtors had to comply with state law when selling customers' personal and genetic data, rejecting their argument that section 363(b)(1) pre-empts such laws, but found that their privacy policies at the petition date authorised or did not prohibit a sale of personal information with the business, subject to customers' right to opt out. ^{1 5}

documentedThe court concluded that transferring the genetic data with the rest of the business to NewCo, a wholly owned subsidiary, was not a transfer to a third party under California's genetic-privacy statute or to a person under the Kentucky, Tennessee, Texas and Utah statutes, and that the sale of NewCo's equity to TTAM required no consent either, because those laws do not regulate a change in ownership of a genetic testing company. It rejected Texas's argument that customers' property rights in their DNA were violated, Utah's purpose-limitation argument, California and Texas's arguments of a sub rosa plan and fraudulent transfer, and the argument of California, Tennessee and Texas that the sale breached 28 U.S.C. § 959(b), and found NewCo and TTAM good-faith purchasers. ¹

documentedThe court found that the $305 million transaction, including $302.5 million in cash, was nearly six times the opening auction bid and nearly $50 million above the highest bid at the original auction, set by a competitive process run by independent directors; even treating Wojcicki as an insider, she would not benefit unfairly because she was investing more than $300 million of her own funds and would end up owning a non-profit corporation, which limits her ability to recover the investment. It added that TTAM would remain subject to state genetic-privacy laws. ¹

documentedThe court declined to impose the ombudsman's recommended conditions, including separate express consent from each customer, a protocol for the data of deceased customers and a fiduciary duty of TTAM to customers, and shortened the stays on the sale order under Rules 6004(h) and 6006(d) to 10 days. It summed up the transaction as Wojcicki's repurchase of a business she co-founded and ran, involving a sale of customer data only in a technical sense. ¹

qualification

The ombudsman had been unable to conclude that the sale would not violate state genetic-privacy laws.

documentedOn June 30, 2025 Pennsylvania Attorney General Dave Sunday announced that a group of attorneys general who had sued and objected supported the sale to TTAM, created by Wojcicki, for $305 million on the agreed conditions: no transfer of consumer DNA, with data kept in place under the same policies, protections and management; deletion rights with state oversight; and part of the price going to claims of the 7 million breach victims. The attorneys general said they still objected to consumer DNA ever being part of a bankruptcy auction. ¹⁰

documentedCalifornia and CAVEAT appealed the sale order to the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri on July 3, 2025. The bankruptcy court denied a stay pending appeal on July 7, the district court denied it on July 10, leaving an administrative stay until 11:59 p.m. on July 11, and the Eighth Circuit denied renewed stay requests on July 11, 2025; California's emergency motion to the Eighth Circuit had asked to stop the transfer of the genetic data and samples of about 1.8 million Californians to TTAM, set to begin that night. ^{5 11}

qualification

California withdrew its appeal in the Eighth Circuit on August 11, 2025, according to the disclosure statement.

documentedThe sale order of June 27, 2025 (Docket No. 910) approved the sale free and clear of liens, claims and interests, with the assumption and assignment of contracts, and the sale closed at about 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time on July 14, 2025: the debtors sold substantially all their assets to 23andMe Research Institute, formerly TTAM Research Institute, for $302.5 million in cash plus TTAM's assumption of certain liabilities, keeping the Lemonaid telehealth business. ^{12 13 5}

documentedOn September 29, 2026 Judge Cristian M. Stevens of the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri dismissed the appeal of California, CAVEAT and an individual against the sale order (No. 4:25-CV-00999-CMS) for lack of bankruptcy appellate standing and, independently, as statutorily moot under section 363(m), because the sale had closed without a stay and the bankruptcy court's findings that NewCo and TTAM bought in good faith were not clearly erroneous; the appellants had not alleged fraud or collusion, and the $302.5 million price exceeded the opening bid by $250.5 million. ⁹

documentedParties appearing in the bankruptcy case on the buyer's side include 23andMe Research Institute (formerly TTAM Research Institute), TTAM 2.0, LLC, 23andMe Employees LLC (formerly TTAM Employee Company), 23andMe Genomics LLC (formerly 23andMe PGS LLC) and 23andMe Research LLC (formerly TTAM Research Company, LLC); the court's party list also includes the U.S. Department of Justice's National Security Division. The same law firm, Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner LLP, represents the Institute and those LLCs as well as Anne Wojcicki, ABeeC 2.0, LLC, the revocable trust and the Anne Wojcicki Foundation. ^{14 15}

qualification

From docket party lists; the ownership of the four LLCs is not stated in the retained record.

documentedA 2026 conference speaker profile describes Anne Wojcicki as founder and chief executive officer of the 23andMe Research Institute. ¹⁶

qualification

Conference organiser's description; the bankruptcy court's finding that she created and leads TTAM is the documented basis.

documentedIn November 2021 23andMe acquired Lemonaid Health, Inc., an online platform offering telemedicine, laboratory and pharmacy fulfilment services in all 50 states and the District of Columbia, for $400 million in cash ($88.6 million) and Class A shares, under a merger agreement of October 21, 2021 among 23andMe Holding Co., two merger subsidiaries, Lemonaid Health, Inc. and Fortis Advisors LLC as representative of Lemonaid's shareholders; Lemonaid became a wholly owned subsidiary. ^{1 2 3}

documentedThe company disposed of its only foreign subsidiary, the UK company Lemonaid Health Limited, on August 1, 2023, according to its annual report. The UK register shows that the company (No. 12561320, incorporated April 17, 2020) is now called Boots Digital Health Limited, and that from August 1, 2023 Boots UK Limited (No. 00928555) has held 75% or more of its shares and votes; Boots UK's own person with significant control since April 6, 2016 is Alliance Boots Holdings Limited (No. 04452715). ^{2 4 5 6}

qualification

The register does not name the U.S. group as owner for June 2021 to July 2023, when the company filed a statement that it had no registrable person; the annual report links the disposal date to the UK subsidiary without naming the buyer.

documentedWhile the UK company belonged to the group, its directors were Ian Alexander Van Every, from April 17, 2020 to December 21, 2022, and Joseph Anthony Selsavage, the group's chief financial officer, from December 21, 2022 until August 1, 2023; Van Every had also been registered as a person with significant control of it from December 30, 2020 to June 4, 2021. Directors from Boots were appointed from August 1, 2023. ^{7 5}

documentedUnder a settlement agreement of September 16, 2025, the pixel class of all U.S. visitors to lemonaidhealth.com between June 30, 2019 and July 14, 2025 has a claim allowed at $3.25 million, filed against Lemonaid Health, Inc., Chrome Holding Co. and ChromeCo, Inc. but capped at $3.25 million in total, with Almeida Law Group LLC and Migliaccio & Rathod, LLP as class counsel; the confirmed plan treats these claims as Class 14, paid from a pixel settlement fund if the settlement receives final approval, and otherwise as other Lemonaid unsecured claims. ^{10 11}

outcome

The class voted to accept the plan, and the court preliminarily approved the settlement on October 2, 2025.

documentedUnder the TTAM purchase agreement TTAM was obliged to sponsor a plan to buy the reorganised Lemonaid equity for $2.5 million, subject to higher or better offers; after the TTAM sale closed, the debtors marketed Lemonaid separately to several interested parties. ⁹

documentedOn September 10, 2025 Chrome Holding Co., Lemonaid Health, Inc. and Chrome Pharmacy Holdings, Inc. agreed to sell all the shares of Lemonaid Health and of Chrome Pharmacy Holdings to Lemonaid SPV, Inc., a Delaware corporation, for $10 million in cash plus cure payments, with Bambumeta Ventures guaranteeing the price and a $2.5 million good-faith deposit; closing required confirmation and effectiveness of a plan and regulatory approvals for the transfer of pharmacy licences. ¹²

documentedA press release of September 16, 2025, in which Chrome Holding Co. announced the stock purchase agreement with Bambu Ventures, says the SPV was formed in partnership with Innova Capital Partners; BambuMeta Ventures acted as lead sponsor and guarantor, eGateway Capital of Cincinnati as a lead sponsor, supported by Broadview Capital, Auctus Holding Ltd., Day Break Partners and others; Bambu's general partners Richard Hearn and Kyle Pretsch were to provide executive leadership, and Dylan Runne was to join Innova's principals on the board. ¹³

qualification

An announcement by the seller and the buyer's sponsors; the SPV's ownership is not documented in a register in the retained record.

documentedIn a press interview published on October 22, 2025, Kyle Pretsch, chief operating officer of Lemonaid SPV Inc. and a general partner of Bambu Ventures, said the buyer was the SPV, owned with its own capital table, with Bambu Ventures as guarantor; the report compares the price of about $10 million with the $400 million 23andMe paid for Lemonaid in 2021. ¹⁴

documentedThe confirmation order of December 1, 2025 approved the Lemonaid sale to Lemonaid SPV, Inc. under a stock purchase agreement filed as Docket No. 1292: after the Lemonaid debtors' discharge, the Lemonaid interests vest in the purchaser free and clear of liens and claims in exchange for the purchase price, and the court found the purchaser to be a good-faith buyer. ¹⁰

documentedA bankruptcy-data publisher reports that the Lemonaid sale closed on the plan's effective date, December 5, 2025, bringing total proceeds from the debtors' asset sales to about $312.5 million. ¹⁵

qualification

Secondary summary; the closing notice was not retrieved.